Learn · basics and beyond

Eight short lessons.

A few minutes each, one visual each. New? Start with the basics. Played before? Jump to next steps, or open Going deeper under any lesson for the math. Tap any underlined word for a quick definition.

01 / 08 · The basics

How a hand plays out

Two forced bets (the ), two private cards each, then up to four betting rounds while five shared cards come out. Step through one hand.

Going deeper

Heads-up, the button posts the small blind and acts first before the flop, last after it. Live games may add antes or a straddle; see Table rules.

Next: What beats what ↓
Step 1 of 7 · Blinds
VVegaSB
SB 1
BBlazeBB
BB 2
POT 3
YYouBTND

Before any cards come out, two players post forced bets called the , so every hand has something to win. Vega posts the small blind ($1) and Blaze posts the big blind ($2). You have the dealer button, marked D.

02 / 08 · The basics

What beats what

Best five cards wins, from your two plus the five on the . Rarer hands rank higher; ties go to the higher .

Going deeper

There are 133,784,560 ways to deal seven cards. With seven, you finish with at least a pair 83% of the time, so one pair is often not enough at showdown in multiway pots.

Next: Position ↓
Strongest firstHow often you finish with it
01
Royal flushA-K-Q-J-10, all the same suit. The best hand in poker.
A♠
A♠
♠
K♠
K♠
♠
Q♠
Q♠
♠
J♠
J♠
♠
10♠
10♠
♠
0.003%1 in 30,940
02
Straight flushFive cards in a row, all the same suit.
9♥
9♥
♥
8♥
8♥
♥
7♥
7♥
♥
6♥
6♥
♥
5♥
5♥
♥
0.028%1 in 3,591
03
Four of a kindFour cards of the same rank.
Q♣
Q♣
♣
Q♦
Q♦
♦
Q♥
Q♥
♥
Q♠
Q♠
♠
7♦
7♦
♦
0.2%1 in 595
04
Full houseThree of a kind plus a pair.
K♥
K♥
♥
K♦
K♦
♦
K♠
K♠
♠
4♣
4♣
♣
4♥
4♥
♥
2.6%1 in 39
05
FlushAny five cards of the same suit, not in order.
A♦
A♦
♦
J♦
J♦
♦
8♦
8♦
♦
6♦
6♦
♦
2♦
2♦
♦
3.0%1 in 33
06
StraightFive cards in a row, mixed suits. An ace can be high (10-J-Q-K-A) or low (A-2-3-4-5).
10♣
10♣
♣
9♦
9♦
♦
8♥
8♥
♥
7♠
7♠
♠
6♣
6♣
♣
4.6%1 in 22
07
Three of a kindThree cards of the same rank.
8♠
8♠
♠
8♥
8♥
♥
8♦
8♦
♦
K♣
K♣
♣
3♠
3♠
♠
4.8%1 in 21
08
Two pairTwo different pairs.
J♥
J♥
♥
J♣
J♣
♣
5♦
5♦
♦
5♠
5♠
♠
A♥
A♥
♥
23.5%1 in 4.3
09
One pairTwo cards of the same rank.
10♥
10♥
♥
10♠
10♠
♠
A♣
A♣
♣
8♦
8♦
♦
4♥
4♥
♥
43.8%1 in 2.3
10
High cardNone of the above. Your highest card plays.
K♠
K♠
♠
J♥
J♥
♥
9♣
9♣
♣
6♦
6♦
♦
3♠
3♠
♠
17.4%1 in 5.7
03 / 08 · The basics

Position

Acting last lets you see what everyone does first, so the can play far more hands than .

Going deeper

Solver-based 6-max charts open roughly 15–18% of hands under the gun and 40–50% on the button. The Playbook is tighter on purpose: fewer, stronger hands are easier to play well.

Next: Outs ↓
Order of action
BEFORE THE FLOPtap a seatBTN4SB5BB6UTG1HJ2CO3
ButtonActs 4th before the flop

The dealer seat. It acts last on every round after the flop, so it sees what everyone else does first. The best seat: play the most hands here.

04 / 08 · The basics

Outs

are the cards that would save you. On the flop, outs × 4 ≈ your chance by the river; on the turn, outs × 2.

Going deeper

The Rule of 4 runs high above 8 outs: use outs × 4 − (outs − 8) instead (15 outs ≈ 53%, the exact figure is 54%). Discount outs that pair the board or complete a bigger flush for someone else.

Next: Pot odds ↓
K♥
K♥
♥
9♥
9♥
♥
3♣
3♣
♣
A♥
A♥
♥
7♥
7♥
♥

You have four hearts. Any of the 9 hearts you can't see makes a flush.

Clean outs9
Hit on the turn19%
Hit by the river35%
Rule of 436%
A♠K♠Q♠J♠10♠9♠8♠7♠6♠5♠4♠3♠2♠A♥K♥Q♥J♥10♥9♥8♥7♥6♥5♥4♥3♥2♥A♦K♦Q♦J♦10♦9♦8♦7♦6♦5♦4♦3♦2♦A♣K♣Q♣J♣10♣9♣8♣7♣6♣5♣4♣3♣2♣

Lime: your outs. Faded: cards you can already see. The other 47 cards could still come.

05 / 08 · The basics

Pot odds

Call when your chance of winning beats the price: what you pay ÷ the pot after you call. That price is your .

Going deeper

Pot odds treat the hand as over after your call. add what you win later when you hit; reverse implied odds subtract what you lose when you hit a second-best hand. The defender's side of the same math is MDF: continue with pot ÷ (pot + bet) of your hands and bluffs can't profit automatically.

Next: Luck and swings ↓
Pot odds calculatorTurn · one card to come
You pay$10
To win$30
You need25.0%

After you call, the pot is $40 and $10 of it came from you: $10 ÷ $40 = 25.0%. Win at least that often and the call pays off over time.

Gutshot 4 outs8.7%FOLD
Open-ended straight draw 8 outs17.4%FOLD
Flush draw 9 outs19.6%FOLD
Flush draw + open-ender 15 outs32.6%CALL

Lime bars: how often each draw hits on the river. White line: the equity you need.

06 / 08 · Next steps

Luck and swings

One hand is mostly luck; thousands of hands are mostly skill. Even good players lose for weeks at a time, so judge your decisions, not your results, and don't let a put you on .

Going deeper

A 6-max No-Limit win rate has a standard deviation of about 80–100 BB per 100 hands. After N hands, 95% of results land within win rate ± 1.96 × SD × √(N/100): a +5 BB/100 player is still behind after 10,000 hands about 30% of the time. With real money, 20–30 buy-ins of keeps that swing survivable.

Next: Bluffing ↓
12 players, same skill10,000 hands each
-9000+20001,000 hands10,000 hands
Behind after 1,000 hands6 of 12
Behind after 10,0002 of 12
Worst drop from a peak1057 BB

Units are big blinds (100 BB = one buy-in). Dashed line: what their skill earns on average. Even at +5 BB per 100 hands, some of them are losing after thousands of hands.

Judge the decisionA good call that loses is still a good call. Your hand reviews grade decisions, not results.
Set a stopLost three buy-ins? Take a break. Chasing losses is how tilt starts.
Breathe after a bad beatSit out a hand or two. Angry players call too much and bluff too often.
07 / 08 · Next steps

Bluffing

A wins only when they fold, so it has to work often enough to pay for itself. The best bluffs have a backup plan: a with a draw can still win when called.

Going deeper

A bet of b into pot p needs folds b ÷ (p + b) of the time (alpha). On the river, a balanced betting range has bluffs in the ratio b ÷ (p + 2b): about one bluff per two value bets with a pot-size bet. Choose bluffs that block your opponent's calling hands, like holding the ace of the flush suit.

Next: Reading the table ↓
Bluff labPot $20
You bet $10 to win $2033%of the time it has to work

Risk ÷ (risk + reward): $10 ÷ $30. Small bluffs need fewer folds, but they also make folding easier to resist. The lime figures must fold for the bluff to break even.

08 / 08 · Next steps

Reading the table

You can't see their cards, but you can see how they play. How often someone plays (VPIP) and raises (PFR) sorts them into a type, and each type has a simple counter. Bet size is the best : new players often bet big with big hands.

Going deeper

VPIP and PFR settle after about 50–100 hands; aggression and showdown stats (AF, WTSD) take several hundred. Think in , not single hands: each action removes hands they wouldn't play that way.

Play a coached hand →
Player mapMeasured over 4,000 hands
typical winnerTIGHTLOOSE · AGGRESSIVELOOSE · PASSIVE0%20%40%60%0%10%20%30%VPIP: how often they play →↑ PFR: how often they raiseStoneVegaNovaRookCallumBlaze
CallumCalling Station · Loose-passive
VPIP33%
PFR2%
AF0.3

How to spot them: Calls a third of all hands and hardly ever raises.

How to beat them: Never bluff. Bet bigger with good hands, even just top pair: they'll pay you.

Tap a player. In a coached game, the tracker shows these numbers for everyone at your table. Give it about 30 hands before you trust them.